On Shaky Ground: Characterising Non-Rigid Base Effects in Mobile Manipulation

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Article Summary

Mobile robot manipulators extend contact-task capability beyond the workspace of fixed robot installations, but their bases must also sustain the forces generated by the task. On lightweight platforms, base motion and support compliance can change the force and motion realised at the workpiece. How these non-rigid base effects manifest during sustained contact remains insufficiently characterised. This paper investigates non-rigid base effects in mobile robot manipulators through a sanding case study combining exploratory simulation with experiments on two lightweight, unactuated wheeled testbeds. Joint measurements of contact force, tool motion, and base vibration show that sustained contact coexisted with substantial task error: under low base-ground resistance, only 54-70% of a 100 N command was realised, with tool-centre-point errors reaching 100 mm. Increasing base-ground resistance during contact improved force realisation and arrested further tool displacement, while base vibration did not vary consistently with force-tracking error in the tested conditions. These observations illustrate how non-rigid base behaviour can affect contact-task execution and highlight the value of examining force, motion, and vibration together when characterising lightweight mobile manipulation.

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