LP-NavOA: Integrated Local Navigation and Obstacle Avoidance for Humanoid Robots under Limited Perception

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Article Summary

Humanoid local navigation in cluttered environments must jointly resolve obstacle avoidance, sparse-goal recovery, and stable whole-body locomotion under short-range and partially observable sensing. Explicit planner-control decompositions introduce latency and can mismatch agile humanoid command-tracking limits, while purely reactive controllers may lose the goal after obstacle occlusion. We present LP-NavOA, a limited-perception navigation and obstacle-avoidance framework for humanoid robots. A raycast-conditioned perception-action proximal policy optimization (PPO) locomotion backbone is first trained with a robot-centered circular heading-speed command and a shared command-side safety filter. With this backbone frozen, A-star and waypoint teachers generate rollouts for distilling a recurrent local planner that overwrites only the heading command at deployment, leaving the whole-body policy intact. At runtime, LP-NavOA uses proprioception, short-range local range sensing, and a body-frame goal direction, requiring no global map, waypoint stream, or external planner. In MuJoCo open-wall and indoor layouts, the distilled planner produces obstacle bypassing and post-avoidance goal recovery, raising teacher-calibrated on-time arrival from 38--40\% to 85--97\% and reducing brush/contact-heavy progress relative to a backbone-only controller. Ablations show that dynamic route shaping, teacher-active data collection, and the circular command interface are important for navigation efficiency and for training the 3.0\,m/s backbone. A Unitree G1 deployment analysis demonstrates hardware executability without continuous joystick steering.

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