Graph-Sparse Distributed Predictive Control for Multi-Robot Motion Planning vianEdge-Consensus ADMM

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Article Summary

This paper presents a distributed model predictive control (MPC) architecture for collision-avoiding motion planning of planar robots with double-integrator dynamics. To reduce coordination demands, a time-varying predicted conflict graph selects relevant pairwise interactions. The associated collision-avoidance constraints are convexified once per MPC update using warm-start trajectories, yielding a fixed convex quadratic program (QP). The resulting QP is then decomposed using an edge-consensus formulation of the alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM), enabling parallel robot-local optimization and independent closed-form projections onto separating half-spaces. Execution is selectively supervised by a centralized high-order control barrier function (HOCBF) QP when the distributed candidate does not satisfy the direct-execution conditions. Evaluated in C++ simulations involving 8, 16, and 32 robots, the proposed architecture achieves collision-free execution and substantially improves computational scalability while maintaining task-level performance comparable to a centralized complete-graph baseline.

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