FWIK: Multi-Waypoint IK Selection via Lookahead Graph Search

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Article Summary

An ordered sequence of end-effector poses can give a redundant robot arm multiple valid joint configurations at each waypoint. Inverse kinematics (IK) computes these configurations. Choosing a configuration only for the next waypoint can leave the arm poorly placed for later waypoints. This may increase planned motion time or cause a later planning failure. This paper presents Future-Window Inverse Kinematics (FWIK), an online method that selects IK solutions by considering a small window of future waypoints. FWIK generates several IK candidates, connects them in a layered joint-space graph, and ranks candidate paths with a simple motion-time estimate. A learned model removes paths whose transitions are likely to cause self-collision. A standard MoveIt 2 planner then checks the next-waypoint IK goals from the remaining paths in ranked order, and the first goal that yields a valid trajectory is selected for execution. We evaluate FWIK in simulation on two 7-DoF manipulators, the Franka Emika Panda and the KUKA LBR iiwa. Each method-planner setting contains five repetitions of 100 sequences with 50 waypoints. Across Pilz, RRT-Connect, CHOMP, and STOMP, FWIK completes 96.8-100% of sequences and gives the shortest planned trajectory duration in all eight robot-planner settings. Its mean duration is 12.8-13.1% lower than STAMPEDE, 22.5-25.6% lower than IKLink, and 27.5-37.2% lower than retry-based TRAC-IK. The results show that a small future window can improve sequence completion and reduce planned motion time while leaving final trajectory validation to the motion planner.

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