Capturability-Aware Footstep Planning in Cluttered Environments: A Recursively Feasible Sequential MPC on Axis-Aligned Safe Corridors

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Article Summary

A fundamental aspect of humanoid footstep planning is to jointly guarantee obstacle avoidance and locomotion stability. This paper presents a capturability-aware sequential Model Predictive Control (MPC) framework for Linear Inverted Pendulum (LIP)-based humanoid footstep planning in the presence of obstacles. The proposed method combines obstacle avoidance with capturability constraints through safe corridors constructed as sequences of intersecting rectangles, yielding a sequential MPC framework with recursive feasibility guarantees for the LIP-based planning layer. The planner autonomously adapts to constrained scenarios, switching to in-place walking when obstructions---such as doors assumed to be open during planning but unexpectedly found to be closed during execution---block forward motion. Performance is largely independent of the prediction horizon, allowing high success rates while keeping the computational cost low. The approach is validated in high-fidelity simulations with the humanoid robot Digit, demonstrating a practical solution for capturable humanoid footstep planning in cluttered environments.

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